Spinning cot



1951 A. L. FREEDLANDER 2,570,935

SPINNING COT Filed Oct. 25, 1946 INVENTOR ABRAHAM L. mssounmm ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 9, 1951 SPINNING COT Abraham L. Freedlander, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to The Dayton Rubber Company, a corporation of Ohio Application October 25, 1946, Serial No. 705,733

4 Claims.

This invention relates to textile machinery.

More particularly, this invention relates to spinning cots and roll coverings made of synthetic rubber composition characterized by their non-eyebrowing characteristics.

While this invention will be described in connection with the making of a spinning cot, it will readily be understood, by those skilled in the art, that this invention is as well adapted for forming other textile units such as temple rolls, loom take-up roll coverings, and the like.

A good spinning roll or cot possesses good fiber drafting characteristics, exhibits low static charge build-up, is resistant to attacks by oil and abrasive substances and has good aging and wear resisting properties. A good cot or spinning roll is further characterized by a surface which inhibits eyebrowing throughout the life of the cot and has substantially no tendency toward lapping-up.

The important characteristic of non-eyebrowing is enhanced by a certain degree of physical roughness n the surface of the cot. This roughened surface may be obtained by buffing the cot at the time of manufacture, but such a surface will wear down and ultimately become smooth. It is then necessary to re-bufi the cot in order .to res re its original quality.

The ideal cot presents a surface to the fibers.

being 'afted which is rough to the required degree throughout the life of the drafting unit. To this end, cots have been made which include a finely divided addition material which is incorporated in the cots when they are compounded. Among the substances which have been used as the addition material are salt and sand. As the surface of cots compounded in this manner wear down in use, the particulate addition material is brought to the surface and falls off, thus leaving a finely pitted or porous surface which possesses the desired texture.

While the texture of such cots is satisfactory, the use of salt or sand or similar materials have produced unsatisfactory results in other respects.

For example, salt will deliquesce in the humid atmosphere of the processing rooms with the result that the surface of the cot becomes moist and gummy. On the other hand, the particles of sand incorporated in such cots are highly abrasive and cause damage to bearings and sliding surfaces as they fall thereon from the cot surface.

The present invention has for its primary purpose to produce a cot having a suitably pitted or roughened surface while avoiding the disadvantages of salt or sand or other similar addition materials.

According to this invention, a cot is provided which has a more or less uniformly porous structure throughout caused by the high voltage electrical treatment of the body of the cot. The cot is placed between electrodes and a high voltage impressed across the latter causing a break-down of the cot body sothat passages or fissures are created by the passage of current.

Optionally, the body may be compounded with certain addition materials in the form of flakes or particles, the addition particles serving'as focal points for the electrical discharges which pass through the cot body.

In either case, the result is a body which is porous throughout and which, therefore, presents a roughened surface throughout its life to the textile fibers which it is drafting.

The present invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken inv connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a roll having a. cover manufactured according to this invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of the cot showing the porous nature thereof;

Figure 3 is a view showing, diagrammatically, a simple form of apparatus for accomplishing the electrical pitting of the cot;

Figure 4 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of a cot having addition particles therein; and

Figure 5 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of the cot of Figure 4 after the same has been electrically treated. v

Referring to the drawings more in detail, the numeral It] indicates a spinning roller or mandrel and the numeral l2 the covering thereon.

In Figure 2 the cover I! is shown as containing a plurality of pits,-pores and fissures indicated at M. The cover I2 may be supported upon a section I6 positioned adjacent the inner portion thereof which serves as a tension section 3 thereby adding to the strength of the cot or covering.

In Figure 3 the cot or cover I! is shown as mounted on a mandrel I! which is rotatably supported, by means not shown, adjacent an electrode It. The mandrel l1 and electrode II are connected by the wires 20 and 22 with a source of electrical energy indicated at M.

The source of electrical energy at 24 is preferably a high voltage, low amperage generator capable of developing pressures on the order of 50,000 volts and upward. The cot is placed on the mandrel I1 and the latter rotated at a suitable speed while the mandrel and the electrode I! are energized from the source 2|. The voltage developed by the source 24 is sufllciently high to create a discharge between the electrode l and the cot or cover l2. These discharges will pit the surface and, in many instances, pass completely through the cot body to the mandrel II. The result is a product which is more or less uniformly porous throughout.

In Figure 4 the roll cover I! will be seen to have distributed therethrough particles or flakes of an addition material 26. When the cover of Figure 4 is treated withthe apparatus of Figure 3, the particles or flakes 26 serve as focal points for the discharges and a structure as shown in Figure 5 is the result. The cover in Figure 5 is porous similarly to the cover in Figure 2 but the pores or fissures have a degree of irregularity in their path caused by the discharge passing from particle to particle during the electrical treatment.

In the case of the cover of Figure 4, it may be possible to treat the article with a smaller voltage than it is possible to use in connection with the cover of Figure 2 because the addition particles tend to create points of high stress in the electric field between the electrode l8 and mandrel I]. To this end, Iprefer to use as the addition particles a substance having a somewhat higher dielectric constant than the cot body. Among the suitable materials which may be used are sand, slate and some plastics.

The addition material may also comprise electrically conductive particles such as metallic fragments or graphite in which case the particles not only serve as points of localized stress in the electrical field but also assist in forming a conductive path for the passage of the discharge.

The resulting cot surface is dry and smooth to touch but has minute pits or pores therein and, inasmuch as these pits and pores are distributed throughout the body of th cot," wear and regrinding of the surface will not destroy the desirable texture thereof.

In the manufacture of cots or roll covers according to this invention the rubber-like composition of the cover is molded and vulcanized to the required shape or form and thereafter electrically treated. When addition material is used,

-ly no tendency to collect fiber on the surface thereof. Neither do they exhibit a tendency to groove, or to collect static charges and are sub- 4 ctantially unaffected by oils and greases. In addition, cots formed of butadiene acrylic nitrile copolymer possess substantially greater durability than the best leather cots.

a typical example of a spinning cot composition employing butadiene acrylic nitrile -copolymer. I submit the following formula:

It will be understood that the particular amount I of butadiene acrylic nitrile copolymer given in the example above may be varied considerably in order to control the characteristics of the finished cot, but I prefer to use from 30 to by weight of the composition.

The hardness of the cots as measured on the 'Shore type A" durometer is preferably within the range of 50 to and may be controlled, as well as the toughness and resiliency of the finished article by suitable additions of carbon black, zinc oxide, clays and other materials well known in the art of compounding natural and synthetic rubbers.

While it will be apparent that this invention is not necessarily limited to any specific composition, it is advantageous to use a copolymer of hutadiene similar to that hereinbefore mentioned in order to produce a cot having the described drafting characteritsics. I

It will be understood by those skilled in-the art that my improved cot or roll covering having porous characteristics may be used in making a great variety of fiber-working machine elements for use in the textile industry. For example, various types of rolls, covers, jackets, aprons and the like used in drafting, conveying, rubbing and fiber-working may be advantageously manufactured using my improved method.

It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that the degree of vulcanization or curing may be so controlled as to. produce any specific physical property desired. Also, the amounts of the different ingredients may be varied or have equivalents substituted therefor in order to produce a product of any desired degree of hardness. elasticity and frictionalcharacteristicsi In each case, the ingredients are preferably compounded with a copolymer of butadiene, optionally thoroughly' mixed with a finely divided addition material, molded to the desired shape or form, vulcanized, electrically treated to produce the required porous structure, the surface ground,

bufi'ed,.abraded, or otherwise treated or processed to give it the desired surface characteristics.

In addition, it will be understood that it is not my intention to be limited to the specific details herein set forth, but I desire to comprehend such modifications as may come within the spirit of this disclosure and the scope of the appended claims. Q

I'claim:

1. As a new article of manufacture, a fiber drafting roll comprising a mandrel, a vulcanized rubber-like fiber-contacting cover layer mounted upon said mandrel, particles of finely divided material homogeneously dispersed in said cover.

5 layer and distributed in a spaced manner between said mandrel and the surface of the cover, said material having a dielectric constant different from that of the rubber-like material, and a plurality of minute pores distributed over the surface of said layer said pores being formed by irregular fissures extending through said cover layer along a path created by particles of said finely divided material.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a fiber drafting roll comprising a mandrel, a vulcanized rubber-like fiber-contacting cover layer mounted upon said mandrel, minute particles of electrically conductive material homogeneously dispersed in said layer and distributed in a spaced manner between said mandrel and the surface of the cover, and a plurality of minute pores distributed over the surface of said layer said pores being formed by irregular fissures extending through said cover layer along a path created by said spaced particles.

3. A fiber drafting roll according to claim 2 wherein the electrically conductive material comprises minute metallic particles.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a .fiber drafting roll comprising a mandrel, a vulcanized rubber-like fiber-contacting cover layer mounted upon said mandrel, particles of finely divided material homogeneously dispersed in said cover layer and distributed in a spaced manner between said mandrel and the surface of the cover, said material having a higher dielectric constant than the rubber-like material, and a plurality of minute pores distributed over the surface of said layer said pores being formed by irregular fissures extending through said cover layer along a path created by particles of said finely divided material.

ABRAHAM L. F'REEDLANDER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

